Activated charcoal: contraindications [ID 1752]
CHEMICAL CamP:
Cyanide
Hydrocarbons
Ethanol
Metals
Iron
Caustics
Airway unprotected
Lithium
CAMphor
Potassium
Knowledge Level 8, System: Alimentary
Vince Yamashiroya
Ipecac: contraindications [ID 1753]
4 C's:
Comatose
Convulsing
Corrosive
hydroCarbon
Knowledge Level 6, System: Alimentary
Vince Yamashiroya
Acute LVF management Hi Yield [ID 525]
LMNOP:
Lasex (frusemide)
Morphine (diamorphine)
Nitrates
Oxygen (sit patient up)
Pulmonary ventilation (if doing badly)
Knowledge Level 2, System: Cardiovascular
Graeme Little University College London
Asystole: treatment Hi Yield [ID 2491]
"Have some asystole "TEA":
Transcutaneous pacing
Epi
Atropine
Knowledge Level 7, System: Cardiovascular
Brenda L. Snyder, RN, CEN, PHRN George Washington University Hospital, Washington, D.C.
Atrial fibrillation: causes of new onset Hi Yield [ID 1732]
THE ATRIAL FIBS:
Thyroid
Hypothermia
Embolism (P.E.)
Alcohol
Trauma (cardiac contusion)
Recent surgery (post CABG)
Ischemia
Atrial enlargement
Lone or idiopathic
Fever, anemia, high-output states
Infarct
Bad valves (mitral stenosis)
Stimulants (cocaine, theo, amphet, caffeine)
Knowledge Level 9, System: Cardiovascular
Sam LaCapra, M.D., F.A.C.E.P. Emergency Physician
Chest pain treatment, for nurses [ID 2710]
"MOVE your patient!":
Monitor: put patient on cardiac monitor
Oxygen: put patient on O2
Venous: gain large bore venous access
EKG: 12 lead EKG
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular
R. Stilts, S.N. Senior Nursing Student
Endotrachial tube deliverable drugs [ID 1405]
O NAVEL:
Oxygen
Naloxone
Atropine
Ventolin (albuterol)
Epinephrine
Lidocaine
_ If you can't get IV access established, and have necessity to administer resuscitative meds, remember you have the airway and can give the
above drugs.
_ Drug delivery is enhanced if diluted with 10cc NS and rapid introduced for aeresolization.
_ Alternatively, bare bone version is ALE, as above.
Knowledge Level 7, System: Cardiovascular
Robert Lueken and Marc Eastern Virginia Medical School
JVP: raised JVP differential Hi Yield [ID 2795]
PQRST (EKG waves):
Pericardial effusion
Quantity of fluid raised (fluid over load)
Right heart failure
Superior vena caval obstruction
Tricuspid stenosis/ Tricuspid regurgitation/ Tamponade (cardiac)
Knowledge Level 5, System: Cardiovascular
Dr. Mohsin Maqbool Bahawal-Victoria Hospital, Bahawalpur
JVP: raised JVP: extra-cardiac causes [ID 2919]
FAT PEA:
Fever
Anaemia
Thyrotoxicosis
Pregnancy
Exercise
A-V fistula
_ These are in addition to all the cardiac ones (pericardial effusion, RHF, tricuspid stenosis, SVC obstruction, etc).
Knowledge Level 3, System: Cardiovascular
Rajeev Peravali Year 3 Medical student, Birmingham University, UK
Malaria: complications of falciparum malaria [ID 1900]
CHAPLIN:
Cerebral malaria/ Coma
Hypoglycemia
Anaemia
Pulmonary edema
Lactic acidosis
Infections
Necrois of renal tubules (ATN)
Knowledge Level 7, System: Cardiovascular
Dr. Harsh Sharma BJMC, Pune, India
MI: immediate treatment Hi Yield [ID 1944]
DOGASH:
Diamorphine
Oxygen
GTN spray
Asprin 300mg
Streptokinase
Heparin
Knowledge Level 2, System: Cardiovascular
Ken Hodson Medical Student, University of Bristol
Pain history checklist Hi Yield [ID 2016]
OLDER SAAB:
Onset
Location
Description (what does it feel like)
Exacerbating factors
Radiation
Severity
Associated symptoms
Alleviating factors
Before (ever experience this before)
Knowledge Level 6, System: Cardiovascular
Lissa Bird, NREMT-P
PEA/Asystole (ACLS): etiology Hi Yield [ID 2505]
ITCHPAD:
Infarction
Tension pneumothorax
Cardiac tamponade
Hypovolemia/ Hypothermia/ Hypo-, Hyperkalemia/ Hypomagnesmia/ Hypoxemia
Pulmonary embolism
Acidosis
Drug overdose
Knowledge Level 4, System: Cardiovascular
Carl Roberts A.S.EMS, CCEMT-P, CFP US Army Special Forces
Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA): checklist [ID 2282]
PEA:
Pulses check
Epinepherine
Atropine
Knowledge Level 5, System: Cardiovascular
Anonymous Contributor
Shock: general features [ID 3205]
CHORD ITEM:
Cold, clammy skin
Hypotension
Oliguria
Rapid, shallow breathing
Drowsiness, confusion
Irritability
Tachycardia
Elevated or reduced central venous pressure
Multi-organ damage
Knowledge Level 4, System: Cardiovascular
Seyi Kayode College of Health Sciences, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-ife, Osun State, Nigeria
Shock: signs and symptoms [ID 391]
TV SPARC CUBE:
Thirst
Vomiting
Sweating
Pulse weak
Anxious
Respirations shallow/rapid
Cool
Cyanotic
Unconscious
BP low
Eyes blank
Knowledge Level 3, System: Cardiovascular
Anonymous Contributor
Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) causes [ID 542]
BATS:
Berry aneurysm
Arteriovenous malformation/ Adult polycystic kidney disease
Trauma (eg being struck with baseball bat)
Stroke
Knowledge Level 3, System: Cardiovascular
Cusano and Mamta SGUSOM
Syncope causes, by system Hi Yield [ID 1719]
HEAD HEART VESSELS:
_ CNS causes include HEAD:
Hypoxia/ Hypoglycemia
Epilepsy
Anxiety
Dysfunctional brain stem (basivertebral TIA)
_ Cardiac causes are HEART:
Heart attack
Embolism (PE)
Aortic obstruction (IHSS, AS or myxoma)
Rhythm disturbance, ventricular
Tachycardia
_ Vascular causes are VESSELS:
Vasovagal
Ectopic (reminds one of hypovolemia)
Situational
Subclavian steal
ENT (glossopharyngeal neuralgia)
Low systemic vascular resistance (Addison's, diabetic vascular neuropathy)
Sensitive carotid sinus
Knowledge Level 6, System: Cardiovascular
Bill Young MD University of Kentucky Dept of Emergency Medicine
Ventricular fibrillation: treatment Hi Yield [ID 598]
"Shock, Shock, Shock, Everybody Shock, Little Shock, Big Shock, Momma Shock, Poppa Shock":
Shock= Defibrillate
Everybody= Epinephine
Little= Lidocaine
Big= Bretylium
Momma= MgSO4
Poppa= Pocainamide
Knowledge Level 1, System: Cardiovascular
Anonymous Contributor
V-fib/pulseless v-tach (new ACLS as of 2001) Hi Yield [ID 2490]
"EVAL My Pumper":
Epinephrine
Vasopressin
Amiodarone (class IIb--better for heart failure)
Lidocaine (indeterminate - better for young, healthy or persistent)
MgSO4 (IIb for hypomagnesemic state or torsades)
Procainamide (IIb for intermittent/recurrent VF/VT)
Knowledge Level 7, System: Cardiovascular
Brenda L. Snyder, RN, CEN, PHRN George Washington University Hospital, Washington, D.C.
Vfib/Vtach drugs used according to ACLS [ID 306]
"Every Little Boy Must Pray":
Epinephrine
Lidocaine
Bretylium
Magsulfate
Procainamide
Knowledge Level 2, System: Cardiovascular
Midnight Medic Paramedic in Texas
Diabetic ketoacidosis management Hi Yield [ID 470]
F*¢KING:
Fluids (crytalloids)
Urea (check it)
Creatinine (check it)/ Catheterize
K+ (potassium)
Insulin (5u/hour. Note: sliding scale no longer recommended in the UK)
Nasogastic tube (if patient comatose)
Glucose (once serum levels drop to 12)
Knowledge Level 4, System: Endocrine
Graeme Little University College London
Coma causes checklist [ID 349]
AEIOU TIPS:
Acidosis/ Alcohol
Epilepsy
Infection
Overdosed
Uremia
Trauma to head
Insulin: too little or or too much
Pyschosis episode
Stroke occurred
Knowledge Level 2, System: Nervous
Midnight Medic Paramedic in Texas
Coma: differential [ID 3086]
UNCONSCIOUS:
Units of insulin
Narcotics
Convulsions
Oxygen
Nonorganic
Stroke
Cocktail
ICP
Organism
Urea
Shock
Knowledge Level 2, System: Nervous
Tom Hiser Clear Lake Emergency Medical Corps
ICU confusion causes [ID 1351]
ICU CONFUSION:
ICU psychosis
Cardiac output low [hypotension, post cardiac arrest]
Uncontrolled temperature [hypo/hyperthermia]
Convulsion [post ictal]
Oxygen [hypoxia, hypercarbia]
Nociception [pain]
Full bladder
Uremia
Sugar [hypo/hyperglycemia]
Infection
Opiates
Natremia [hypo/hyper]
Knowledge Level 8, System: Nervous
Dr. Sonali Vadi
Meningicoccal meningitis: complications Hi Yield [ID 1735]
SAD REP:
Sepsis/ Shock/ Subdural effusion
Ataxia/ Abscess (brain)
DIC/ Deafness
Retardation
Epilepsy
Paralysis
Knowledge Level 5, System: Nervous
Richard Thompson Queens University, Belfast, NI
Miosis: causes of pin-point pupils Hi Yield [ID 1734]
CPR ON SLIME:
Clonidine
Phenothiazines
Resting (deep sleep)
Opiates
Narcotics
Stroke (pontine hemorrhage)
Lomotil (diphenoxylate)
Insecticides
Mushrooms/ Muscarinic (inocybe, clitocybe)
Eye drops
Knowledge Level 7, System: Nervous
Sam LaCapra, M.D., F.A.C.E.P. Emergency Physician
Neurological focal deficits [ID 1733]
10 S's:
Sugar (hypo, hyper)
Stroke
Seizure (Todd's paralysis)
Subdural hematoma
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Space occupying lesion (tumor, avm, aneurysm, abscess)
Spinal cord syndromes
Somatoform (conversion reaction)
Sclerosis (MS)
Some migraines
Knowledge Level 9, System: Nervous
Sam LaCapra, M.D., F.A.C.E.P. Emergency Physician
Organophosphates poisoning symptoms Hi Yield [ID 1325]
MILES:
Miosis
Increased urinary frequency
Lacrimation
Enuresis
Salivation
Knowledge Level 4, System: Nervous
Anonymous Contributor
Organophosphates poisoning: symptoms Hi Yield [ID 1790]
DUMBBELS:
Diarrhea
Urination
Miosis
Bradycardia
Bronchospasm
Emesis
Lacrimation
Salivation
Knowledge Level 5, System: Nervous
Martin Herman Le Bonheur Children's Medical Center
Seizures: differential [ID 3221]
SICK DRIFTER:
Substrates (sugar, oxygen)
Isoniazid overdose
Cations (Na, Ca, Mg)
Kids (ecclampsia)
Drugs (CRAP: Cocaine, Rum (alcohol), Amphetamines, PCP)
Rum (alchohol withdrawl)
Illnesses (chronic seizure disorder or other chronic disorder)
Fever (meningitis, encephalitis, abscess)
Trauma (epidural, subdural, intraparynchymal hemorrhage)
Extra: toxocologic (TAIL: Theo, ASA, Isoniazid, Lithium) and 3 Anti's: (Antihistamine overdose, Antidepressant overdose,
Anticonvulsants (too high dilanitin, tegretol) or benzo withdrawl.
Rat poison (organophospates poisoning)
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous
Joseph Rogers, MD Duke University
Unconciousness: differential Hi Yield [ID 2607]
FISH SHAPED:
Fainted
Illness/ Infantile febrile convulsions
Shock
Head injuries
Stroke (CVE)
Heart problems
Asphxia
Poisons
Epilepsy
Diabetes
Knowledge Level 1, System: Nervous
B Sylvester Surrey Ambulance Service (UK)
Coma and signicantly reduced conscious state causes: causes Hi Yield [ID 1874]
COMA:
CO2 and CO excess
Overdose: TCAs, Benzos, EtOH, insulin, paracetamol, etc.
Metabolic: BSL, Na+, K+, Mg2+, urea, ammonia, etc.
Apoplexy: stroke, SAH, extradural, subdural, Ca, meningitis, encephalitis, cerebral abscess, etc.
Knowledge Level 4, System: Other/Miscellaneous
Steve Gust HMO, Gove District Hospital, NT Australia
Coma: conditions to exclude as cause [ID 157]
MIDAS:
Meningitis
Intoxication
Diabetes
Air (respiratory failure)
Subdural/ Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Knowledge Level 3, System: Other/Miscellaneous
Anonymous Contributor
Malignant hyperthermia treatment [ID 221]
"Some Hot Dude Better Give Iced Fluids Fast!" (Hot dude = hypothermia):
Stop triggering agents
Hyperventilate/ Hundred percent oxygen
Dantrolene (2.5mg/kg)
Bicarbonate
Glucose and insulin
IV Fluids and cooling blanket
Fluid output monitoring/ Furosemide/ Fast heart [tachycardia]
Knowledge Level 3, System: Other/Miscellaneous
Anonymous Contributor
Resuscitation: basic steps [ID 204]
ABCDE:
Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Drugs
Environment
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous
Mohamed Azim, MD Pediatric Surgeon, Alexandria University, Egypt
RLQ pain: differential Hi Yield [ID 933]
APPENDICITIS:
Appendicitis/ Abscess
PID/ Period
Pancreatitis
Ectopic/ Endometriosis
Neoplasia
Diverticulitis
Intussusception
Crohns Disease/ Cyst (ovarian)
IBD
Torsion (ovary)
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Stones
Knowledge Level 1, System: Other/Miscellaneous
Anonymous Contributor
Shock: types [ID 390]
RN CHAMPS:
Respiratory
Neurogenic
Cardiogenic
Hemorrhagic
Anaphylactic
Metabolic
Psychogenic
Septic
_ Alternatively: "MR. C.H. SNAP", or "NH CRAMPS".
Knowledge Level 3, System: Other/Miscellaneous
Anonymous Contributor
Trauma: motor vehicle accident considerations [ID 2489]
I AM SCARED:
Impact (head-on, rear-end, t-bone, rollover, rotational etc.)
Auto vs. pedestrian, bike, motorcycle (start @ speed >10mph)
Medical history (cardiac, coagulolation, liver, immuno, obese, prego)
Speed (>50 mph?)
Compartment intrusion (>12 inches?)
Age (<5>55 y.o.?)
Restraints (lap & shoulder, either, airbag, infant or child seat?)
Ejection/ Extrication (eject=25x greater death, extr>20min)
Death (at scene, same vehicle, other)
Knowledge Level 6, System: Other/Miscellaneous
Brenda L. Snyder, RN, CEN, PHRN George Washington University Hospital, Washington, D.C.
ARDS: diagnostic criteria [ID 2906]
ARDS:
Acute onset
Ratio (PaO2/FiO2) less than 200
Diffuse infiltration
Swan-Ganz Wedge pressure less than 19 mmHg
Knowledge Level 6, System: Pulmonary
Fahed Al-Daour
ARDS: full differential [ID 2907]
CARDS? HOPE ITS NOT ARDS:
CNS disorders
Aspiration (gastric)
Radiation
Drugs (heroin, morphine, barbiturates, etc)
Smoke, toxic gas inhalation
Hypotension, shock
Oxygen toxicity
Pancreatitis
Emboli
Infection, sepsis
Transfusion reaction
Surgery (esp. cardiac)
Near drowning
Obstetrical emergencies (eg eclampsia, HELLP)
Thermal injuries/ burns
Altitude sickness
Renal failure
DIC
SLE
Knowledge Level 7, System: Pulmonary
Fahed Al-Daour
Asthma: management of acute severe Hi Yield [ID 472]
"O S#!T":
Oxygen (high dose: >60%)
Salbutamol (5mg via oxygen-driven nebuliser)
Hydrocortisone (or prednisolone)
Ipratropium bromide (if life threatening)
Theophylline (or preferably aminophylline-if life threatening)
Knowledge Level 3, System: Pulmonary
Graeme Little and Gajan Rajeswaran University College London and Imperial College School Of Medicine, London
Decompression sickness [ID 1273]
Boyle's law: volume of gas is inversely proportionate to its pressure.
_ Therefore, BOYLE:
Breathe (as you ascend)
Or
Your
Lung
Explodes
_ Breathe as you ascend after scuba diving, since the pressure decreases on surfacing, so the gas volume in
lungs increases.
Knowledge Level 8, System: Pulmonary
Mohamed Azim, MD Assistant lecturer, Pediatric surgery, Alexandria University, Egypt
Dyspnea: differential Hi Yield [ID 3220]
3A's: Three Airways: Airway obstruction, Anaphylaxis, Asthma
3P's: Three Pulmonary's: Pneumothorax, PE, Pulmonary edema
3C's: Three Cardiacs: Cardiogenic pulmonary edema, Cardiac ischemia, Cardiac tamponade
3M's: Three Metabolics: (DOC) DKA, Organophosphates, Carbon monoxide poisoning
Knowledge Level 1, System: Pulmonary
Joseph Rogers, MD Duke University
Endotracheal tube: troubleshooting [ID 2734]
DOPEY:
Displaced: esophagus, right mainstem, back of throat, etc
Obstructed: secretions, blood, mucus plug, kink, etc
Pneumothorax
Equipment: malfunctions, O2, ETT, BVM, ventilator, monitor
You: your approach, technique: missing something?
Knowledge Level 5, System: Pulmonary
Brenda L. Snyder, RN, CEN, PHRN George Washington University Hospital, Washington, D.C.
Pneumothorax: causes [ID 3079]
SIT, 3 A's, 3 C's:
Spontaneous (often tall thin men)
Iatrogenic
Trauma
Asthma
Alveolitis
AIDS
COPD
Carcinoma
Cystic fibrosis
Knowledge Level 4, System: Pulmonary
Jamal Khan Birmingham University Medical Student
Fall: potential causes [ID 459]
CLADE SPADE:
Cardiovascular/ Cerebrovascular
Locomotor (skeletal, muscular, neurological)
Ageing (increased body sway, decreased reaction time)
Drugs (esp. antihypertensives, antipsychotics)
Environmental
Sensory deficits (eg. visual problems)
Psychological/ Psychiatric (depression)
Acute illness
Dementia
Epilepsy
Knowledge Level 4, System: Skeletal
Harris-Davies-Tamblyn Adelaide Medical School
Fall: potential causes [ID 619]
I'VE FALLEN:
Illness
Vestibular
Environmental
Feet/ Footwear
Alcohol and drugs
Low blood pressure
Low O2 states
Ears/ Eyes
Neuropathy
Knowledge Level 2, System: Skeletal
Muhammad Asif Iqbal Resident, SLU, MO
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